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Objective:To investigate the effect of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) transplantation on bone metabolism and its mechanism in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats.Methods:Forty clean SD female rats aged 7 weeks were divided into 4 groups according to the random number table method: sham operation group, model group, the transplantation group, positive control group, in addition to control the rest of the group were performed bilateral oophorectomy build osteoporosis rats model, after 2 months of model establishment, rats in transplantation group were injected with 80 μl/kg PBS solution containing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through tail vein, rats in sham operation group and model group were injected with the same amount of PBS solution through tail vein, and rats in positive control group were given Xianlinggubao (0.5 g/100 g) by gavage every day. Serum and femur were collected 14 days after treatment. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the histopathological changes of femur. Micro-CT was used to measure bone mineral density and bone parameters. The expression levels of osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, alkaline phosphatase and insulin-like growth factor 1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium were measured by spectrophotometer. The protein expressions of RANKL, OPG, TRAF6 and NF-KB1 in femur of each group were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with the sham operation group, the bone mineral density (BMD) of the model group was decreased by (0.28±0.01) g/cm 3, bone volume fraction (BMD) was decreased by (0.28±0.01) g/cm 3. BV/TV) decreased by (19.73±2.02) %, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) decreased by (0.082±0.008) mm, trabecular number (Tb.N) decreased by (1.60±0.17) mm -1 and trabecular separation/spacing (Tb.Sp) increased (0.273±0.024) mm, osteoprotegerin (489.49±55.29) ng/L, alkaline phosphatase (229.13±15.05) U/L, insulin-like growth factor-1 (236.64±14.32) μg/L, and osteocalcin were decreased (1.866±0.109) μg/L, calcium (11.98±1.09) mg/dl, phosphorus (6.85±0.68) mg/dl, and magnesium decreased (0.62±0.04) mg/dl) , the relative expression level of RANKL increased (1.05±0.09) , the relative expression level of OPG decreased (0.58±0.08) , the relative expression level of RANKL increased (0.74±0.10) , and the relative expression level of NF-kB1 increased (1.01±0.11) ( P<0.05) ; bone mineral density, bone mineral density, bone mineral density BMD (0.38±0.04 g/cm 3, BV/TV (26.73±2.74) %, Tb.Th (0.094±0.006) mm, Tb.N (2.67±0.09) mm-1 and Tb.Sp were decreased (0.241±0.026) mm) , osteoprotegerin (720.09±67.41) ng/L, alkaline phosphatase (269.48±14.15) U/L, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) decreased (335.95±24.13) μg/L, and osteocalcin increased (1.392±0.153) μg/L, calcium (7.12±0.53) mg/dl, phosphorus (4.54±0.32) mg/dl, magnesium (0.87±0.08) mg/dl. RANKL relative expression level increased (0.59±0.05) , OPG relative expression level decreased (0.97±0.10) , RANKL relative expression level increased (0.45±0.06) , NF-kB1 relative expression level increased (0.72±0.06) ( P<0.05) ;bone mineral density, bone mineral density, bone mineral density BMD (0.36±0.05) g/cm 3, BV/TV (28.72±3.20) %, Tb.Th (0.096±0.011) mm, Tb.N (2.85±0.24) mm -1 Tb.Sp was basically unchanged (0.241±0.027) mm, osteoprotegerin was decreased (716.78±36.90) ng/L, alkaline phosphatase was basically unchanged (270.65±18.59) U/L, and insulin-like growth factor 1 was decreased (336.94±17.50) μg/L, osteocalcin (1.377±0.101) μg/L, calcium (7.13±0.80) mg/dl, phosphorus (4.58±0.71) mg/dl, and magnesium (0.89±0.04) remained unchanged mg/dl, the relative expression level of RANKL increased (0.55±0.08) , the relative expression level of OPG decreased (0.98±0.13) , the relative expression level of RANKL was basically unchanged (0.40±0.05) , and the relative expression level of NF-kB1 increased (0.65±0.09) ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can improve osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by regulating bone metabolism and serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, which may be related to RANKL/OPG/TRAF6 pathway.
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In recent years， with the increasing understanding of the genetic mechanisms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy， novel molecular-targeted drugs Mavacamten and Aficamten are two cardiac myosin inhibitors currently approved by the FDA for the treatment of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Both of them have a similar mechanism of action and can selectively bind to different variable sites of cardiac myosin to inhibit cardiac myosin， thus reducing myocardial hypercontractility. Relevant clinical studies have also shown that both drugs can reduce patients’ left ventricular outflow tract pressure gradient， the levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin I as cardiac markers， and improve New York Heart Association （NYHA） cardiac function class. They are safe， have mild adverse reactions， and can be tolerated by patients. Compared to Mavacamten， Aficamten， as a structurally optimized product， has a shorter half-life and fewer drug-drug interactions， which is more conducive to drug- targeted dose titration.
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This article starts with the definition of integrated curriculum, analyzes the modes of horizontal, vertical and spiral integration, and summarizes the implementation of integrated curriculum models in North America, Europe and Asian countries. At the same time, we present the implementation of the integrated curriculum teaching model in several domestic universities. Then, we analyze the problems of the domestic integrated curriculum from the aspects of mechanism structure, content connection, teaching ability and assessment and evaluation. Finally, we propose corresponding thoughts and suggestions for the problems from the learning theories view.
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The number of patients with the combination of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is gradually increasing. In recent years, the immunotherapy has become a new effective way to treat unresectable HCC. The clinical research revealed that the NAFLD could affect the efficacy of immunotherapy treating the HCC. But the mechanism is complicated. The major routes are CD8+PD-1+T cells increasing in NAFLD cause the deficiency in cell proliferation ability; Zn64 activates the anti-tumor immune response of the CSF1; PCSK9 downregulates the LDLR level to suppress the immune response of the CD8+T cells in tumor microenvironment; loss of the immune response induces the liver damage. Researches had indicated that the combination of lenvatinib, PKCa inhibitor, PCSK9 protein inhibition, ferroptosis inducer, and HIF2a small molecule inhibitor can improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. This review focuses on the impact of NAFLD on tumor microenvironment and how the NAFLD affect the immune check-point inhibitor effect and to discover the exact mechanism.
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We report the diagnosis and treatment of a pregnant woman with acute Stanford type B aortic dissection in the second trimester who underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair under local anesthesia and later gave birth to a live neonate. The patient was admitted due to acute upper back pain at 27 weeks of gestation, who was diagnosed as acute Stanford type B aortic dissection. Thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair was performed with low radiation dose under local anesthesia. A live neonate was born through cesarean section at 33 +6 gestational weeks due to the flat baseline of the fetal heart monitor, with a birth weight of 1 840 g and Apgar score of 9 at 1 min. The neonate was discharged after a 20-day treatment. During the follow-up of 12 months, the infant grew and developed well, and covered stent was well placed in the mother without leakage in the distal or proximal ends of the stent or any other complications.
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Recent years, the incidence of prostate cancer is increasing, and the need of novel and effective diagnosis and treatment for prostate cancer is becoming more and more urgent.Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is a mitochondrial binding enzyme, which plays an important role in the deamination of some neurotransmitters. Currentlly, some novel studies have shown that MAO-A plays an important role in the occurrence, development and metastasis of prostate cancer. At present, MAO-A has become a potential therapeutic target of prostate cancer and has been widely concerned. This article make a review on the possible mechanism of MAO-A in the occurrence, development and metastasis of prostate cancer and the application of MAO-A in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Objective: To observe the efficacy of long-retaining scalp acupuncture plus interactive training in improving upper- extremity dysfunction in cerebral stroke patients. Methods: Ninety-five patients with upper-extremity dysfunction after cerebral stroke were randomized into two groups, with 48 cases in the treatment group and 47 cases in the control group. Conventional internal medicine treatment was offered to both groups. In both groups, Anterior Oblique Line of Vertex-temporal (MS 6, the middle 2/5) and Posterior Oblique Line of Vertex-temporal (MS 7, the middle 2/5) were selected from the same side of the brain lesion (the side apposing to the hemiplegic limb) for scalp acupuncture treatment. In the treatment group, the scalp acupuncture needles were retained for 7 h, in combination with interactive training, while the needles were also retained for 7 h in the control group but without interactive training. Prior to treatment and at 2-week and 4-week treatment, the two groups were scored using the functional test for the hemiplegic upper extremity-Hong Kong (FTHUE-HK) and simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE). Results: The total effective rate was 97.9％ in the treatment group, higher than 74.5％ in the control group (P<0.01). The FTHUE-HK score was higher at 2-week and 4-week treatment than before treatment in both groups, presenting statistically significant intra-group differences (all P<0.001); the FTHUE-HK score was higher at 4-week treatment than at 2-week treatment in both groups, presenting statistically significant intra-group differences (both P<0.001). At 2-week and 4-week treatment, the FTHUE-HK score was higher in the treatment group than in the control group, showing significant between-group differences (both P<0.05). During the whole treatment process, the treatment group had higher FTHUE-HK scores compared with the control group, but there was no statistical significance comparing the change of the score between the two groups at 2-week treatment (P>0.05), while the between-group difference in the change of the score was statistically significant at 4-week treatment (P<0.05). The FMA-UE score was higher at 2-week and 4-weeks treatment than before treatment in both groups, presenting statistically significant intra-group differences (all P<0.001); the FMA-UE score was higher at 4-week treatment than at 2-week treatment in both groups, presenting statistically significant intra-group differences (both P<0.001). At 2-week and 4-week treatment, the FMA-UE was higher in the treatment group than in the control group, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (both P<0.01). The FMA-UE score rose gradually with the increase of treatment session, and there was statistical significance comparing the change of the score between the two groups at 2-week and 4-week treatment, respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Long-retaining scalp acupuncture plus interactive training results in more significant efficacy than long-retaining scalp acupuncture alone in improving the upper-limb dysfunction after cerebral stroke and the advantage becomes more notable after 2-week consecutive treatment.
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Objective:Iron accumulation is related to the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Meanwhile, autophagy abnormality of bone marrow hematopoietic cells is observed in hip osteoporotic fracture. This study is performed to investigate correlation between iron accumulation induced bone loss and hematopoietic autophagy dysfunction to explore the new risk factor of osteoporosis.Methods:Male iron accumulation mice model was established by intraperitoneally injecting ferric ammonium citrate. Serum ferritin and osteogenic indicator P1NP were tested by ELISA. Bone mineral density was measured by micro-CT. Femur and tibia bone marrows were collected for hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells proportion and cell apoptosis analysis. Autolysosome formation was measured by image flow cytometry. We used conditional mouse model Atg7 flox/flox; Vav-Cre(Atg7 -/-) in which Atg7 had been genetically deleted in the hematopoietic system. Bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were collected for RNA sequence. micro-CT scan was conducted for Atg7 -/- femur. Results:Ferritin level of iron accumulation mice was significantly higher than control group( P<0.05). Iron accumulation inhibited P1NP and induced decreased bone mineral density( P<0.05). Iron accumulation bone marrow displayed enhanced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells proportion( P<0.05), with more cell apoptosis( P<0.05). Hematopoietic autophagy was deteriorated in iron accumulation bone marrow. Transcriptomic profiling showed up-regulation of iron activity in Atg7 -/- mice, with increased iron homeostasis and iron membrane transporter genes, including Lcn2, Tfr2, Slc40a1(Fpn1), Steap3, and Cpox. micro-CT revealed severe bone loss and decreased bone mineral density in Atg7 -/- mice( P<0.05). Conclusion:Iron accumulation induced bone loss is related to inhibition of hematopoietic cells. Hematopoietic autophagy dysfunction is associated with bone loss.
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Objective:To assess the feasibility and effects of the mobile device-based video teaching in plastic surgery education.Methods:In the study, 22 participants were assigned into two groups according to their standardized training area. The intervention group ( n=11) which was outside Beijing had an unlimited access to video-based education; the control group ( n=11) which was in Beijing received traditional teaching. After the end of the first semester of teaching, the two groups of students were tested on theory and clinical operational theory, and the evaluation results were compared. SPSS 18.0 software was applied for t test and chi-square test. Results:After the first semester, the effect of teaching method was evaluated by the scores of written examination and clinical examination. The average scores of the written test in the intervention group were (38.82±3.22) points, while that in the control group were (38.36±2.98) points, without significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.74); the average scores of the clinical examination theory test in the intervention group and the control group were (46.36±3.44) points and (41.00±5.24) points, respectively, with significant differences between the two groups ( P=0.01). In term of total scores, the average scores of the intervention group were (85.18±4.83) points, and those of the control group were (79.36±5.52) points, with statistical differences between the two groups ( P=0.016). Conclusion:Mobile device-based video teaching in plastic surgery education can not only improve students' performance but also facilitate their clinic skills, which is worth popularizing.
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Prostate cancer is one of the leading cause of male cancer-related death worldwide, and the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer and castration resistant prostate cancer remains a significant challenge. Epigenetic modification has been paid more attention in the field of tumor, as a common RNA modification in eukaryotic cells, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is a dynamic and reversible process regulated by m6A methyltransferase, demethylase and recognition protein, which can regulate the physiological process and tumor progression by regulating gene expression. m6A modification plays an important role in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer and is expected to become a new target in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. This article reviews the m6A modification and its expression, function and mechanism in prostate cancer, as well as new ideas for clinical application.
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@#Objective To explore and analyze the risk factors for arrhythmia in patients after heart valve replacement. Methods A retrospective analysis of 213 patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass in our hospital from August 2017 to August 2019 was performed, including 97 males and 116 females, with an average age of 53.4±10.5 year and cardiac function classification (NYHA) grade of Ⅱ-Ⅳ. According to the occurrence of postoperative arrhythmia, the patients were divided into a non-postoperative arrhythmia group and a postoperative arrhythmia group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors for arrhythmia after heart valve replacement were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results There were 96 (45%) patients with new arrhythmia after heart valve replacement surgery, and the most common type of arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation (45 patients, 18.44%). Preoperative arrhythmia rate, atrial fibrillation operation rate, postoperative minimum blood potassium value, blood magnesium value in the postoperative arrhythmia group were significantly lower than those in the non-postoperative arrhythmia group (P<0.05); hypoxemia incidence, hyperglycemia incidence, acidosis incidence, fever incidence probability were significantly higher than those in the non-postoperative arrhythmia group (P<0.05). The independent risk factors for postoperative arrhythmia were the lowest postoperative serum potassium value (OR=0.305, 95%CI 0.114-0.817), serum magnesium value (OR=0.021, 95%CI 0.002-0.218), and hypoxemia (OR=2.490, 95%CI 1.045-5.930). Conclusion Taking precautions before surgery, improving hypoxemia after surgery, maintaining electrolyte balance and acid-base balance, monitoring blood sugar, detecting arrhythmia as soon as possible and dealing with it in time can shorten the ICU stay time, reduce the occurrence of complications, and improve the prognosis of patients.
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BACKGROUND@#Single subcortical infarction (SSI) is caused by two main etiological subtypes, which are branch atheromatous disease (BAD) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD)-related SSI. We applied the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BJ), the Shape Trail Test (STT), and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) to investigate the differences in cognitive performance between these two subtypes of SSI.@*METHODS@#Patients with acute SSIs were prospectively enrolled. The differences of MoCA-BJ, STT, and SCWT between the BAD group and CSVD-related SSI group were analyzed. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the associations between SSI patients with different etiological mechanisms and cognitive function. We investigated the correlations between MoCA-BJ, STT, and SCWT using Spearman's correlation analysis and established cut-off scores for Shape Trail Test A (STT-A) and STT-B to identify cognitive impairment in patients with SSI.@*RESULTS@#This study enrolled a total of 106 patients, including 49 and 57 patients with BAD and CSVD-related SSI, respectively. The BAD group performances were worse than those of the CSVD-related SSI group for STT-A (83 [60.5-120.0] vs. 68 [49.0-86.5], P = 0.01), STT-B (204 [151.5-294.5] vs. 153 [126.5-212.5], P = 0.015), and the number of correct answers on Stroop-C (46 [41-49] vs. 49 [45-50], P = 0.035). After adjusting for age, years of education, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and lesion location, the performance of SSI patients with different etiological mechanisms still differed significantly for STT-A and STT-B.@*CONCLUSIONS@#BAD patients were more likely to perform worse than CSVD-related SSI patients in the domains of language, attention, executive function, and memory. The mechanism of cognitive impairment after BAD remains unclear.
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Humans , Cerebral Infarction , Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases , Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology , Executive Function , Mental Status and Dementia TestsABSTRACT
Sleep stage classification is a necessary fundamental method for the diagnosis of sleep diseases, which has attracted extensive attention in recent years. Traditional methods for sleep stage classification, such as manual marking methods and machine learning algorithms, have the limitations of low efficiency and defective generalization. Recently, deep neural networks have shown improved results by the capability of learning complex pattern in the sleep data. However, these models ignore the intra-temporal sequential information and the correlation among all channels in each segment of the sleep data. To solve these problems, a hybrid attention temporal sequential network model is proposed in this paper, choosing recurrent neural network to replace traditional convolutional neural network, and extracting temporal features of polysomnography from the perspective of time. Furthermore, intra-temporal attention mechanism and channel attention mechanism are adopted to achieve the fusion of the intra-temporal representation and the fusion of channel-correlated representation. And then, based on recurrent neural network and inter-temporal attention mechanism, this model further realized the fusion of inter-temporal contextual representation. Finally, the end-to-end automatic sleep stage classification is accomplished according to the above hybrid representation. This paper evaluates the proposed model based on two public benchmark sleep datasets downloaded from open-source website, which include a number of polysomnography. Experimental results show that the proposed model could achieve better performance compared with ten state-of-the-art baselines. The overall accuracy of sleep stage classification could reach 0.801, 0.801 and 0.717, respectively. Meanwhile, the macro average F1-scores of the proposed model could reach 0.752, 0.728 and 0.700. All experimental results could demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Subject(s)
Electroencephalography , Neural Networks, Computer , Polysomnography , Sleep , Sleep StagesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: At present, there are relatively few studies on the closed reduction of intramedullary nail treatment for femoral shaft fractures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of closed reduction and intramedullary nailing in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures in the lateral position. METHODS: From January 2015 to October 2018, 54 patients with femoral shaft fractures were treated with intramedullary nailing at Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University. The patients were randomly assigned to three groups, including 17 cases in the supine mechanical traction group, 17 cases in the lateral artificial traction group, and 20 cases in the lateral mechanical traction group. All patients signed the informed consent. This study was approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee. Closed reduction success rate, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, fracture healing time, and hospital for special surgery knee score at 6 months after surgery were compared in the three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for 6 to 15 months. (2) The success rate of fracture closure was 100% in the lateral mechanical traction group, 82% in the lateral artificial traction group, and 59% in the supine mechanical traction group. There was no significant difference between supine mechanical traction group and lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). The success rate was significantly higher in the lateral mechanical traction group than in the supine mechanical traction group (P=0.002). There was no significant difference between the lateral mechanical traction group and the lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). (3) No significant difference was found in operation time between the supine mechanical traction group and the lateral artificial traction group (P > 0.05). The operation time was significantly shorter in the lateral mechanical traction group than in the supine mechanical traction group and lateral artificial traction group (P 0.05). (5) Fracture healing time was significantly longer in the supine mechanical traction group than in the lateral artificial traction group (P=0.030) and lateral mechanical traction group (P 0.05). (6) No significant difference in hospital for special surgery knee score at 6 months after surgery was detected among the three groups (P > 0.05). (7) These results suggested that application of lateral recumbent traction frame closure and intramedullary nailing for the treatment of femoral shaft fractures has the advantages of high success rate, short operation time, less intraoperative blood loss and short fracture healing time. It is worthy of clinical application.
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Objective:To explore the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and type H vessel, which was recently identified as strongly positive for CD31 and Endomucin (CD31 hiEmcn hi) in long bone from ovariectomized (OVX) mice compared withSham group. Methods:C57BL/6Jwild-type mice were used for experiments and bone tissuewas collected. Eight-week-old female mice were randomly divided into bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and a sham operation (Sham). The bilateral ovaries were exposed and removed in the OVX group. In the sham group, the ovaries were only exposed but left intact. After 4weeks, these mice were killed for experiment and the femurs were collected for Micro CT scanning in order to observe the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular indexes, including bone volume (BV), total volume of interest (TV), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular number (Tb.N). The fresh tibia of each mouse was fixed, decalcified, dehydrated and embedded for immunostaining. All experimental data were analyzed with t-test. Results:Mouse femora from two groups were dissected at 4 week time points, and the attached soft tissue was completely removed for Micro CT scanning. BMD in OVX is 0.11±0.01 g/cm 3 and 0.21±0.01 g/cm 3 in Sham, which indicated the BMD in OVX significantly decreased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P=0.001). The microarchitecture in trabecular bone changed. BV/TV in OVX is 11.52%±1.77% and 25.87%±1.31% in Sham, which indicated the BV/TV in OVX significantly decreased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). Tb.N in OVX is 1.67±0.33/mm and 2.95±0.82/mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.N in OVX slightly decreased. The results showed no significant difference between the groups ( P=0.066). Tb.Th in OVX is 0.06±0.01 mm and 0.07±0.01 mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.Th in OVX significantly thinned. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P=0.021). Tb.Sp in OVX is 0.29±0.15 mm and 0.19±0.01 mm in Sham, which indicated the Tb.Sp in OVX significantly increased. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). In the groups BMD decreased and trabecular microstructure was broken. Both BMD and trabecular indexes (BV/TV, Tb. Th, Tb. Sp) showed significant changes in OVX group compared with Sham ( P<0.05) except Tb.N. We next examined the expression of CD31 and EMCN via immunostaining in order to observe the changes of type H vessel.By immunostaining, the percentage of HV/TV in OVX group was 9.14%±0.99% and 29.33%±1.22% in the sham-operated mice. Dramatically decreased type H vessels in the metaphysis of OVX mice were observed compared with that of Sham control mice. The results showed significant difference between the groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In this study, ovariectomized mice, a widely used model for postmenopausal osteoporosis, exhibited significantly reduced type H vessels accompanied by reduced BMD, which indicatedtype H vessel involved in the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Objective:To discuss the feasibility, safety and efficacy of kissing cover stents technique in the management of pseudoaneurysm near the bifurcation of innominate artery (the distance <1 cm).Methods:A retrospective study of 10 patients with pseudoaneurysm near the bifurcation of innominate artery were performed in the Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from May 2013 to August 2018. There were 6 males and 4 females, aged from 25.0 to 77.0 years old, with a median age of 50.5 years old. All patients were treated with Viabahn stents combined with kissing stents. The adverse reactions were observed during the perioperative period, and the patients were followed up to evaluate the stents position and patency. Results:Among 10 patients, 2 were in the distal of innominate artery, 5 were in the bifurcation of innominate artery, 2 were in the root of right common carotid artery and 1 was in the origin of right subclavian artery. The distance from the injury site to the bifurcation of innominate artery was less than 5 mm in 4 cases and 8 mm in 1 case. All of them were successfully treated with Viabahn stents combined with kissing stents. Operation time ranged from 100.0 to 150.0 (122.0±14.9) min. The postoperative hospitalization time was (6.3±1.5) d, ranged from 4.0 to 9.0 d. During the operation, 8 mm×100 mm Viabahn stents were implanted in the right subclavian artery and 10 mm×100 mm Viabahn stents were implanted in the right common carotid artery. There were no severe adverse reactions during the perioperative period. Follow-up time ranged from 12 to 24 months. During the follow-up, color Doppler ultrasound and carotid CT angiography showed that the stents were in appropriate position, the blood flow was unobstructed, and there was no occlusion and displacement of stents. Viabahn stents remained at the level of proximal end of the innominate artery.Conclusion:Viabahn stents combined with kissing stents is a safe and effective treatment for pseudoaneurysm near the bifurcation of innominate artery.
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ObjectiveAs the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remains unclear, this paper aims to investigate the expression of FAM83C in gastric cancer tissues, to analyze the relationship between the expression difference and clinicopathological features and prognosis, and to further explore the mutation sites and methylation of FAM83C in gastric cancer.MethodsData mining of FAM83C was conducted by TCGA database and Oncomine database to analyze the expression of FAM83C in gastric cancer and other multiple types of cancer. The relationship between the expression of FAM83C and the clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer was analyzed by LinkedOmics database. The effect of FAM83C expression on the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer was analyzed by Kaplan Meier Plotter database. The mutation sites and methylation of FAM83C in gastric cancer was analyzed by cBioportal database and MethHC database. The protein network interacting with FAM83C was analyzed by String database.ResultsThere were 56 studies on FAM83C expression differences in the Oncomine database with statistical significance (P<0.05), among which 46 studies suggested that FAM83C was highly expressed in a variety of cancer tissues, and its high expression in gastric cancer was statistically significant (P=0.000733). Meanwhile, the analysis of 637 gastric cancer samples in the TCGA database showed that FAM83C was highly expressed in all kinds of gastric cancer tissues (P<0.05). The differences between FAM83C expression level and patients' age (P=0.0344) and T stage (P=0.034) were statistically significant (P<0.05). The group with high FAM83C expression had shorter survival time and worse prognosis, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.0071). FAM83C mutations in gastric cancer include missense mutation, frame-shift mutation and splicing mutation. The methylation level of FAM83C gene promoter region in gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in normal gastric tissue (P<0.005). The proteins interacting with FAM83C include SLCO5A1, AKR7A3, MMP24, EIF6 and ARL11, etc., and may participate in the cellular function process together.ConclusionFAM83C is highly expressed in gastric cancer. In addition, its expression level has a certain correlation with the degree of malignancy and poor prognosis of gastric cancer, which is manifested in the characteristics of proto-oncogenes to a certain extent, and is expected to become a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Objective@#To introduce a method to classify the labia minora hypertrophy and to investigate its significance to the selection of surgical method.@*Methods@#From August 2014 to April 2018, 1 058 patients with labia minora hypertrophy were treated in the Plastic Surgery Hospital. According to the hyperplastic degree of the labia minora and praeputium clitoridis, the labia minora hypertrophy was classified to three types, namely simple clitoridis hypertrophy, simple labia minora hypertrophy and mixed type. For patients with simple labia minora hypertrophy, the methods of margin resection, or wedge resection or combination were applied. For patients with simple clitoridis hypertrophy, the reduction of clitoris hood could be performed. For mixed type, firstly the relationship of clitoris hood and labia minor should be recognized, then the appropriate surgical method should be taken.@*Results@#The age of the patients was 18 to 46 years (mean age was 25 years). 83 cases (7.8%) were simple labia minora hypertrophy. 25 cases (2.4%)were simple clitoridis hypertrophy. And 950 cases (89.8%) were mixed type. All the patients received appropriate surgical method to repair the malformation. All the surgeries were successfully performed and the cosmetic results were satisfying.@*Conclusions@#As the homologous tissues, whether praeputium clitoridis hypertrophy or labia minora hypertrophy could result poor appearance of female vulva. The concept of holism should be kept in mind when repair surgeries are performed. The labia minora hypertrophy was classified to three types and appreciate surgical methods were applied to repair the hypertrophy. The cosmetic result was satisfying.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the sensitivity of Culex pipiens pallens to common chemical insecticides in the southwestern region of Shandong Province, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of reasonable and effective mosquito control measures. Methods The resistance of Cx. pipiens pallens larvae to 5 chemical insecticides, such as cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate were tested by using the WHO biological test method in 2018, and the co-toxicity coefficients after compounding the above-mentioned insecticides were tested by using a drug compounding method. Results The resistance indexes of Cx. pipiens pallens to cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate in 3 cities were 144.43–557.54, 118.17–445.33, 6.44–19.00, 2.37–8.10, and 0.88–2.98, respectively, and expect the difference between the DDVP resistances of Cx. pipiens pallens in Jining City and Heze City was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), all the other differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The synergistic coefficients of cypermethrin + DDVP, cypermethrin + propoxur, DDVP + acetofenate, and propoxur + acetofenate were 199.58 – 456.95, 190.56 – 292.37, 123.32 – 319.24, and 192.31 – 367.32, respectively. The lower synergism was observed by using the mixture of DDVP + propoxur (synergistic coefficient: 99.87–108.36) . Conclusions After decades of chemical control, Cx. pipiens pallens in the southwestern region of Shandong Province has produced different degrees of resistance to common chemical insecticides. Therefore, comprehensive control measures should be taken to control mosquito breeding and prevent the development of insecticide resistance.
ABSTRACT
The abnormality of the clitoral prepuce not only hinders the appearance, but also reduces the sensitivity of the clitoris, affecting sexual intercourse, exercise, and local hygiene. Clitoral hood plastic surgery is the main treatment to correct the deformity, which can improve the appearance and sexual simulation. In recent years, with the rise of female genital cosmetic surgery, surgical correction of abnormal clitoris prepuce have been further developed. The anatomy and classification of the clitoris prepuce and the progress of treatment are reviewed in this article.